SYSTEMATIC LITERATUR REVIEW (SLR): METODE, MANFAAT, DAN TANTANGAN LEARNING ANALYTICS DENGAN METODE DATA MINING DI DUNIA PENDIDIKAN TINGGI
Abstract
Pendidikan tinggi pada abad ke-21 ini terus mempromosikan penemuan di bidang learning analytics (LA). Masalahnya adalah bahwa jangkauan LA yang begitu cepat sehingga secara nyata telah mengalihkan perhatian para pendidik dari identifikasi kebutuhan dan implikasi dari penggunaan LA dalam pendidikan tinggi. LA adalah bidang ilmu yang sangat menjanjikan, namun para pemangku kepentingan pendidikan tinggi harus menjadi lebih familiar dengan isu-isu yang berkaitan dengan penggunaan LA dalam pendidikan tinggi. Beberapa penelitian telah disintesis dengan penelitian sebelumnya untuk memberikan gambaran isu LA dalam pendidikan tinggi. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, Systematic Literature Reviews dilakukan untuk memberikan gambaran tentang metode, manfaat, dan tantangan dari menggunakan LA dalam pendidikan tinggi. Tinjauan literatur mengungkap-kan bahwa LA menggunakan berbagai metode termasuk teknik analisis data visual, analisis jaringan sosial, semantik, dan data mining pendidikan termasuk prediksi, clustering, relationship mining, penemuan dengan model, dan pemisahan data untuk penilaian manusia dalam menganalisis data. Manfaat LA pada pembahasan ini adalah termasuk penawaran kuliah yang telah ditargetkan, pengembangan kurikulum, hasil belajar mahasiswa (outcomes), perilaku dan proses, personalisasi pembelajaran, peningkatan kinerja pengajar/pendidik, waktu diterima kerja setelah lulus, dan meningkatkan penelitian di bidang pendidikan. Tantangan mencakup isu-isu yang berkaitan dengan pelacakan data, pengumpulan data, evaluasi data, analisis data; kurangnya koneksi ke ilmu kependidikan; mengoptimalkan lingkungan belajar, serta masalah etika dan privasi. Kajian secara komprehensif memberikan laporan secara terintegrasi bagi fakultas, pihak penyusun mata kuliah, dan pengelola perguruan tinggi mengenai metode, manfaat, dan tantangan dari LA sehingga mereka mungkin menerapkan LA lebih efektif untuk meningkatkan kegiatan pengajaran dan pembelajaran di pendidikan tinggi.
Kata Kunci : Systematic Literature Review, Learning Analytics, Data Mining, Pendidikan Tinggi
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